Death Is So Common - 2159 Words

It is not uncommon for media to allow us to think about death without the actuality of losing our love ones. Why is it then that we are often so upset when or favorite characters die in books, movies, or television? They are merely works of fiction passed on to us through text on a page or actors on a screen, and yet, they can often bring us to tears. One might just attribute this to the fact that humans are a sensitive bunch, but perhaps it is something else: deep within us, we all contemplate the meaning of life (and death), so each and every experience with death, especially those in media, remind us of our own mortality. Death has been a popular theme in literature for as long as literature has been around, partly because it was so common prior to the 20th century. Infant mortality, war, disease, and famine were all far more common, even in the western world. In fact, death was so common, one that studies a piece of fiction revolving around death prior to the 20th century would h ave probably experience a close family death, whereas now, very few people experience a close family death until much later in life. There are three works in particular that truly reflect death in times of sadness, and, unsurprisingly, all of these works were written amidst the cloud of either revolution or war. James Joyce’s â€Å"The Dead† from Dubliners sheds positive light on the controversial topic of living a short but fantastic life, or living a long and dull life. The Metamorphosis by FranzShow MoreRelatedThe Road Not Taken By Robert Frost And Death, Be Not Proud798 Words   |  4 Pagesby Robert Frost and â€Å"Death, be not proud† by John Donne are two poems with different meanings but share one of many of the same themes. Although the poems share different meanings as a whole, the reader can conclude the same common theme from both of these poems. Even though the reader may think the poems lack a same common theme, the theme is revealed by the end of both these poems. These two poems share the same theme of hopes and dreams. As the reader explores the same common theme of these twoRead MoreRosencrantz Guildenstern Are Dead, A Satirical Piece That Parodies Hamle921 Words   |  4 Pagesartistic work that imitates the characteristic styles of an author or a work for comic affect or ridicule. Rosencrantz Guildenstern Are Dead is a satirical piece of work that parodies Hamlet, especially in terms of death, a common theme in both. These two plays take different views on death portrayed by the protagonists of each: either Hamlet or Rosencrantz Guildenstern. Hamlet is a tragedy with comedy elements in it. It is about a prince who seeks revenge for his father’s assassination, butRead MoreDeath Penalty: Eye for an Eye1280 Words   |  6 Pagesand non-supporters of the death penalty. Many people argue that the death penalty is as much a murder as the crime committed by the offender. Others may say that it provides closure and justice. I am a strong supporter of the death penalty. There are many others like myself. The world is full of the most dangerous and ruthless criminals that should be put to death. There are many pros that the death penalty has to offer that make the world a better place to live. The death penalty is proven to deterRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado And The Masque Of The Red Death Analysis1403 Words   |  6 Pagesstories, within imagination, and suspense towards his readers. Moreover, the majority of Poe’s life relates to his storytelling through, mystery and suspense, considering his sudden death at the age of 40. Edgar Allen Poe created a unique voice in his stories, The Cask of Amontillado and The Masque of the Red Death, through common theme, diction, and point of view. First and foremost, in The Cask of Amontillado , Poe uses the need for revenge, as a significant theme throughout the entire story. AdditionallyRead MoreHow Christians Define Grace1184 Words   |  5 Pagesthis concept when we see that the Bible tells us that salvation is given as grace through faith. The apostle Paul tells us, For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast (English Standard Version, Eph. 2.8-9). As we can see, Gods grace resulted in Him giving us salvation, not us earning salvation. If we have to earn something it is no longer a gift, but compensation. It is no longer graceRead MoreI Heard A Fly Buzz, By Emily Dickinson1227 Words   |  5 Pages591 â€Å"I heard a Fly buzz,† describes the scene of the speaker’s death in a very obscure way. The poem is entirely located in a single room and the speaker is participating in a common deathbed ritual that would have taken place at that point in time. The room is quiet, many mourners are preparing for the speakers final moments, and the speaker begins to will away all of her material possessions. When the speaker is about to commit to death, a fly interrupts the scene and ultimately stands in the wayRead More Nature and Death in In Memory of My Dear Grandchild and Upon Wedlock and Death of Children850 Words   |  4 Pagesand Death in In Memory of My Dear Grandchild and Upon Wedlock and Death of Children Literature delivers or expresses ideas according to the social and cultural settings of the particular time of the writers. Even though it is designed to be in a certain time frame, the concepts overlap each other. The poems In memory of my dear grandchild by Anne Bradstreet, Upon wedlock and death of children by Edward Taylor though were written in different eras, they have a common concept death. TheRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman Tragedy Essay1365 Words   |  6 PagesDeath of a Salesman is a tragic play written in 1949 by Arthur Miller. The story is about a salesman who lost his identity after having an affair with another woman and can’t seem to accept the changes in his life since the event. The story has been performed in theaters and shown on film for many years. Lee Siegel, a writer for The Nation explains the role of Death of a Salesman in the entertainment industry: Every ten years or so, Death of a Salesman is revived, and every ten years we get theRead MoreTragedy and the Common Man1191 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man† In Arthur Miller’s essay â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man,† Miller mentions tragedy as man’s struggle to gain his â€Å"rightful† position in his society, and whoever that character may be—king or common man—that character is eventually brought down by his or her tragic flaws and that’s what makes that character a tragic hero. In the past, there have been many tragic heroes which can relate to Arthur Miller’s essay â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man,† in both pastRead MoreLife After Death Essay1163 Words   |  5 PagesLife After Death The Romans, Greeks and Egyptians all share many common beliefs such as the belief in the Gods, spirits, souls and ultimately life after death. Although, these cultures share common beliefs, there are still very different ideas and ways in which they related and communicated with the dead. The Egyptians believed the idea of eternal and actual death was incomprehensible. As for the Greeks and Romans, they also share a similar view of what life is like after death, because they

Blind Violence and Desire in Macbeth Essay - 802 Words

In Macbeth desire and violence are prevalent throughout the book. Desire blinds one’s ability to think clearly when making a decision. If violence is used due to one’s desire than violence becomes a never ending cycle until the outcome of the violence goes against the one whose desire led to violence. When making a decision, one should use reason, which is having a logical justification or motive. Violence is committed many times in the book but not all for the same motive. Macbeth commits several acts of violence in the book due to his desire for the kingship of Scotland. Macbeth starts to desire the kingship of Scotland after the three witches tell him of the future. The witches tell Macbeth he will become the king of Scotland, but†¦show more content†¦Macbeth’s desire leads him to murder Duncan in his sleep. Macbeth has committed violence, with desire as its cause, which has put him in a situation where there is no turning back because he has already committed one act of violence. The one act will lead to more. With the repeating effect of violence and an inability to see clearly because of desire, Macbeth is on a path to trouble. Macbeth is blinded from logical reasoning after his first act of violence. His desire to keep his kingship that he has gained from killing Duncan leads him to see Banquo as a threat to his throne: When first they put the name of king upon me And bade them speak to him. Then, prophet-like, They hailed him father to a line of kings. Upon my head they placed a fruitless crown And put a barren scepter in my grip. (3.1.63-67) Macbeth fears Banquo’s descendents will take his kingship. He thinks that Banquo should be murdered to stop it from happening, â€Å"And though I could / With barefaced power sweep him from my sight / And bid my will avouch it† (3.1.134-136). In the quote, Macbeth is says that he would kill Banquo and offer his desire for Banquo’s death as sufficient justification for killing him (Shakespeare 88). Macbeth does not murder Banquo but cons murderers into committing the violence. Macbeth is not thinking clearly though because he would know that violence only breeds more violence. The murderers kill Banquo and further continue theShow MoreRelatedThe Theme Of Ambition In Macbeth And Enders Game880 Words   |  4 Pagesin human nature is so powerful that it can blind one’s vision of achieving success. Both Lady Macbeth’s ambition from Shakespeare’s MacBeth and Peter’s ambition from Card’s Ender’s Game blinds judgement and logic , and they eventually end up more harming than succeeding. In the play MacBeth by Shakespeare, MacBeth is strangely met by three witches, who declares his prophecy of being king, but later losing the crown. Lady MacBeth ambitious goal for MacBeth remain king results in her going to extremeRead MoreMacbeth and Its Relevance in Todays Society947 Words   |  4 Pagesthat are still relevant today. Macbeth is no exception†. Discuss with reference to at least 2 themes form Macbeth. Shakespeare’s plays all contain themes that are still relevant to our lives today. Macbeth is no exception. Here Shakespeare utilizes an extensive variety of themes throughout the context of the play and how the characters exploit their actions towards each other. The main theme of â€Å"the Corrupting Power of Unchecked Ambition† is dealing with a blind lust for power capable of anythingRead MoreThe Moment of Recognition in â€Å"Macbeth† and â€Å"Hedda Gabler†1536 Words   |  7 PagesThe Moment of Recognition in â€Å"Macbeth† and â€Å"Hedda Gabler† The drive to succeed, to have power, and to be in control are forceful things. So powerful that they can blind people – corrupt ones ambitions and morals, and make them walk straight off the path of success they planned for themselves. As seen in â€Å"Macbeth† by William Shakespeare, and â€Å"Hedda Gabler† by Henrick Ibsen the urge for power, control, and success can overcome ones better judgement. The two plays tell a tragic story about theRead MoreFeminism in Macbeth1712 Words   |  7 PagesTragedy in Macbeth Behind every successful man there is a ruthless woman pushing him along to gain her own personal successes. In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, Lady Macbeth causes Macbeths downfall. With the faults and lies of Lady Macbeth, marriage is Macbeth’s big mistake. Lady Macbeth turns his courageous conquests on the fields of war into butchery. Mangled by the blood-spotted hands of his wife he becomes a traitor to himself, the people around him, and even her. In the beginning they both desire powerRead MoreUncontrolled Ambition in Macbeth901 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Macbeth: Ambition Gone Wrong Introduction It’s good to have ambition, as it’s the foundation of a successful life. Ambition means to have strong desire towards achieving something. Because of this, it’s true that one without ambition will struggle, however sometimes, our own ambitions and desires can change us for the negative. Ambition in its nature can tempt obsessive behaviour, which has a destructive nature of its own. When an ambition purely of passion turns into obsession, it ultimatelyRead MoreWitches in Macbeth by William Shakespeare Essay730 Words   |  3 PagesThe title figure in William Shakespeare’s Macbeth is a classic example of a tragic hero. There are many factors that contribute to the main character, Macbeth, to degenerate; three of them will be discussed. These three are the prophecy, which was told him by the witches, Lady Macbeth’s influence and control over Macbeth’s judgment, and finally Macbeth’s ambitions that drove his desire to be king. Macbeth deg enerates from a noble man to violent individual and this leads to his death. The propheciesRead MoreThe Downfall Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1399 Words   |  6 Pagesmeans to say is that when driven by blind ambition, one will go to the highest rank possible and the only thing left for one to do is to fall. In Shakespeare’s most bloody and gory play â€Å"Macbeth†, the late Shakespeare correctly exemplifies the fact that if one is ambitious one will have the greatest downfall, and will suffer consequences. Macbeth a mighty and ambitious warrior from the medieval times, manipulated by the peculiar sisters’ prophecy, leads Macbeth into thinking he has a chance to becomeRead MoreEssay about Power and Greed - Macbeth1736 Words   |  7 Pagesbehind the Story of Macbeth The rise of an individual and the gain of power can often be intoxicating. This control placed in the hands of one can often ignite thoughts and actions of greed found deep inside. This can often be seen in the history of civilization as countless leaders have neglected the good of their people to fuel their own selfish desires. Lord Acton once expressed, â€Å"Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.† This is embodied in the play, Macbeth by William ShakespeareRead MoreThoughtful Change In Macbeth Essay702 Words   |  3 PagesMacbeth: A Journey of Thoughtful Changes In Macbeth, a play by William Shakespeare, a soldier, Macbeth, ruins an entire country by killing to obtain power, all because of three prophesying witches. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth’s lust for power has caused them to make many unforgivable mistakes to which gluttony and greed for power, treason, and murder are only the beginning. This play demonstrates the human capability to drastically change—both mentally and physically—as shown by Macbeth andRead MoreEssay on Macbeth1007 Words   |  5 Pagesplay Macbeth by William Shakespeare, we discover that Macbeth is a tragic hero. There are many factors, which contribute to the degeneration of Macbeth. Macbeth is very ambitious and courageous, and is later portrayed as a moral coward. All of these qualities lead to his tragic death at the end of the play. There are three major points, which contribute greatly to Macbeths degeneration. The first was the prophecies, which were told to him by the witches. The second factor was when Lady Macbeth influenced

Setting Analysis and Symbolism of Wuthering Heights by...

Setting Analysis and Symbolism of Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte uses the setting of the English Moors, a setting she is familiar with, to place two manors, Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. The first symbolizes mans dark side while the latter symbolizes an artificial utopia. This 19th century setting allows the reader to see the destructive nature of love when one loves the wrong person. The manor Wuthering Heights is described as dark and demonic. In the English moors, winter lasted three times as long as summer and the Heights and the land adjacent to it can be compared to winter, while Thrushcross Grange can be described as the summer. Bronte describes the Heights as a†¦show more content†¦Her every need is taken care of. Later, when she is confronted by Heathcliff, she is reminded of Wuthering Heights and begins to miss the place she once was so eager to leave. Catherine begins to see the Grange as superficial and confining, and at first she is only annoyed by this, but eventually the suffocating enclosure causes Catherine to lash out at her husband and all the Grange represents. Catherine, aware of her incestuous attraction to Heathcliff, believes the Grange is destroying her, and because of her disgust of the Grange and her sense of guilt, it does. In the process, Edgar too must suffer Catherines pain because of his love for her. While Wuthering Heights was a symbol of darkness and winter, Thrushcross Grange could only be described as its opposite. Thrushcross Grange can be seen as a happy place that is light and summery. Its inhabitants are blissful and naive. They did not worry or have to fend for themselves because there is always money and servants to wait on them. The inhabitants of the house are ignorant of the cruelties and injustices of the outside world. When Isabella, Edgars sister, marries Heathcliff and is taken to the Heights, she too learns these realities and is destroyed by them. She is imprisoned in the Heights by her husband. Isabell a writes Nelly and describes her depression; Youll not be surprised Ellen, at my feelingShow MoreRelatedUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1729 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generallyRead MoreUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1740 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generally

Neo Personality Inventory Revised ( Neo Pi R ) - 4227 Words

NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO PI-R) Linda Laiton Dominguez Salem College Psych 220, Spring 2017 Dr. Mary Jacobsen April 18, 2017 Psychological tests or psychological assessments are an important asset in the field of psychology. These tests are designed to measure people’s characteristics which pertain to behavior. There are a variety of different types of tests that can be used to assess different types of behaviors. According to the specific behavior or behaviors being assessed, tests are†¦show more content†¦The NEO PI-R is available for purchase at the publisher’s website, for individuals with a qualification level of S or B. A level S qualification requires that buyers have a degree, certificate, or license to practice in a health care profession, in addition to having the appropriate training and experience in ethical administration, scoring, and interpretation of clinical behavioral assessment measures (NEO PI-Râ„ ¢, 2012). A level B qualification is very similar to the level S qualification in that it requires a license or certification that required appropriate training and e xperience in the ethical and knowledgeable use of psychological tests, or a degree in psychology, counseling, or a related field, in addition to having completed coursework in test interpretation, psychometrics, measurement theory, and educational statistics with a passing grade (NEO PI-Râ„ ¢, 2012). This helps to ensure that the test is only handled by individuals who have the necessary knowledge to interpret the test without misinterpretation, which could have negative outcomes. The NEO PI-R is self-administered, which means individuals who do not have formal training in clinical psychology, personality or related fields can administer and score the instruments (Costa McCrae, 1992). Although, it is highly suggested that the administrator, whether formally trained or not, review the administration and scoring procedures from the manual. On the other hand,Show MoreRelatedPsychological Tests And Psychological Assessment4243 Words   |  17 Pagestypes of behaviors. According to the specific behavior or behaviors being assessed, tests are categorized into two types, ability tests and personality tests. Ability tests, which encompass achievement, aptitude, and intelligence testing are used to determine capacity or potential by measuring scores based on speed, accuracy, or both. On the other hand, personality tests, which include structured or projective are used to determine behavior traits, that may be overt or covert. The structured test, requiresRead MoreA T heory Of Careers And Vocational Choice Based Upon Personality Types1560 Words   |  7 Pagesto a theory of careers and vocational choice based upon personality types. Psychologist, John L. Holland, developed the theoretical framework behind the Holland Codes. Each letter or code stands for a particular type: Realistic (Doers), Investigative (Thinkers), Artistic (Creators), Social (Helpers), Enterprising (Persuaders), and Conventional (Organizers). According to Holland, a three-letter code represents a client s overall personality. The test consists of 48 example tasks that you rate byRead MoreThe Neo Personality Inventory ( Neo )2719 Words   |  11 Pagesachievement, stress level, personality domain, and to assess a client’s issue or level or functioning. Assessment instruments within counseling can also be used to provide the necessary treatment plans or academic help that is needed by the individuals who are being tested. For the purposes of this paper the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-3) will be examined. The NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-3) is a personality inventory that has been used to test the big five factors of personality which include theRead MoreThe Neo Pi R, By Paul T. Costa Jr.1772 Words   |  8 PagesThe NEO-PI-R is a standard questionnaire that is a general measure of personality based upon the five factor model of personality (Piedmont, 2001; PAR, n.d). It systematically measures emotional, interpersonal, experiential, attitudinal, and motivational styles, which is used as a resource for a wide variety of professionals (Costa McCrae, 1992; PAR, n.d). it measures these styles by using the five domains of personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness)Read MoreConscientiousness: a Review1793 Words   |  8 PagesConscientiousness: A review Introduction: A major contribution of our personality is an essential trait known as Conscientiousness. It was first grouped in the Five Factor Model personality and the circumplex model of interpersonal behavior 40 years ago by well known psychologists named Tupes and Christal(1961) (McCrae and Costa,1985).Recent developments on the work were carried on by several other psychologists like McCrae and Costa (1985a), Digman and Inouye (1986), Hogan (1983), and PeabodyRead MoreMaterials . Signal Detection Task. A 25-Minute Signal Detection1130 Words   |  5 Pagesperformance were analyzed with respect to their accuracy, response time, discriminability and degree of bias formed throughout the task. Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). The PID-5 (Krueger) is a questionnaire that includes 220 items rated on a 4 point Likert format of response scale (0 for very false or often false and 3 for very true or often true). This inventory is used to assess the symptoms as proposed in DSM-5 traits. The PID-5 comprises of 25 primary trait scales that reflects onto 5 higherRead MoreGender And Openness At Experience1081 Words   |  5 Pagesfindings suggest that there is a relationship between gender and the personality trait of openness to experience. Gender and Openness to Experience From the beginning of one’s life, people interact with one another, immediately creating new relationships. The type of relationships humans develop is determined by an individual’s personality. Based upon the Big Five Factor Model, there are five broad personality traits to describe humans (Costa, 1992). The Big Five traits areRead MoreOpenness in Personality10561 Words   |  43 PagesThere have been different theoretical perspectives in the field of personality psychology over the years including human motivation, the whole person, and individual differences. The Big Five falls under the perspective of individual differences. In contemporary psychology, the Big Five factors (or Five Factor Model; FFM) of personality are five broad domains or dimensions of personality that are used to describe human personality. Openness is a general appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusualRead MoreDifferent Theories And Models Of Personality2751 Words   |  12 Pagesthe word personality is still hard to define. Many psychologists disagreed on how to define psychology and how to identify behaviors through personalities. As there are many theories and models of personality, this essay will discuss the five-factor model, and its wide application within a culture or a community. One of the most important goals of personality psychology is the establishment of a model that can describe a person s personality and disorders that are associated with personality. Not onlyRead MorePersonality Traits2403 Words   |  10 PagesIn psychology, personality traits could be explained from many aspects, and one of them describes personality traits as categorizations of people’s particular characteristics (Burger, 1997) while others hold opposite ideas that personalities are more unique and different for ea ch individual depending on his or her peculiar life experience. The former idea relates itself to nomothetic approach, which is a quantitative approach that studies personalities that people share in common to find out a general

Ebola Essay Paper Example For Students

Ebola Essay Paper VirusThe Ebola virus (family Filoviridae) responsible for a severe andoften fatal haemorrhagic fever; outbreaks in primates as well as in humans havebeen recorded. The disease is characterised by extreme fever, rash, and profusehaemorrhaging. Fatality rates range from 50 to 90 percent. (1) Ebola wasregarded as an epidemic in 1976 when it was discovered along the Ebola River inZaire. The outbreaks moved throughout Zaire and The Sudan. In 1995 there wasanother epidemic in Zaire which resulted in hundreds of deaths as did theearlier epidemics. (2) People who contracted the Ebola virus will noticesymptoms 4 ? 16 days after they contract the virus. An infected person willsuddenly be hit by severe headaches, muscle aches and loss of appetite. Within afew days the virus causes a condition know as ?disseminated intravascularcoagulation. This condition is marked by both blood clots and haemorrhaging. In the case of Ebola fever, clots are concentrated in the liver, spleen, brain,and other internal organs, forcing capillaries to bleed into surrounding tissue. Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea with blood and mucus, conjunctivitis, and sorethroat soon follow. A maculopapular rash (discoloured elevations of the skin)appears on the trunk and quickly spreads to the limbs and head. The patient isthen beset by spontaneous bleeding from body orifices and any breaks in theskin, such as injection sites, and within the gastrointestinal tract, skin, andinternal organs. Death is usually brought on by haemorrhaging, shock, or renalfailure and occurs within 8 to 17 days. (3) Like most viruses, Ebola is usuallycarried by animals, especially rodents. Ebola can be transmitted through contactwith infected blood, semen, body fluids, and possibly urine and respiratorysecretions. The virus has also been detected in the organs of patients afterrecovery from the fever. Unsanitary conditions and lack of adequate medicalsupplies have been a factor in the spread of the disease. (4) As of yet there isno known cure or treatment for the Ebola Virus. Current therapy consi sts ofmaintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance and administration of blood andplasma to control bleeding. The spread of the virus can be contained by barriernursing, handling of infected blood and tissue in isolated laboratory units, andproper decontamination of reusable equipment. (5) There were no statisticsavailable on the Ebola Virus but for each outbreak there has been, at least 300+people have died each time. (6) Ebola is usually passed through contact withinfected blood and body fluid. In some cases the virus has become airborne buthas been contained. (7) If you are not living in Zaire near the Ebola river thechances of you contracting Ebola are so remote it isnt even worthconsidering. But if you did contract it while on a holiday in Africa, the bestthing would be to keep away from everyone and ring health authorities as soon aspossible.

British American Tobacco Company for Health - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBritish American Tobacco Company for Health. Answer: Introduction Operations management is the practice by which all business practices in an organization are planned and organized in the best way possible to enhance the level of efficiency in the organization. The practice is carried out in conjunction with other leading practices like logistics and supply chain management, use of technology among other practices in order to be effective and efficient in the business. The purpose of this essay is to identify and analyze the effectiveness of applying the aspects of supplier selection criteria, purchasing cost and use of information and technology in operation management of British American Tobacco Company British American Tobacco is a global group of companies that was founded in the year 1902 as a small tobacco unit but has grown relevantly with time. As one of the leading multinational companies in the world, the company has opened many branches where the products are sold and distributed from (Holden Lee, 2011). Some of the main products from the company include the different types of cigarettes that are used by over one billion adult smokers in the world leading in more than 55 countries in the whole world. With the increasing market of cigarettes, the company has increased the number of cigarettes produced per year. Example, in the year 2016, the company sold 665 billion cigarettes which were an increase. Manufactured in 44 factories, the firm created job opportunities to the youths helping to reduce the increasing rate of unemployment in the world. The main brands made and distributed by American Tobacco Company include Lucky Strike, Rothmans, Dunhill, and Pall Mall among many others. The companys vision is to continue leading the next generation in producing a range of products to the customers, with less risk related to the use of the cigarettes produced (Bisson, 2016). The company is highly committed to producing highest standard corporate products starting from how they relate with the respective farmers who produce tobacco, how they acquire the tobacco to their respective production points, the process and also they market the product to reaching the customers. The company is headed by management board and is chaired by the chief executive alongside the finance director and other executives. Supplier Selection Criteria British American Tobacco Company main supplying activities include human labor resource, tobacco leafs from the farmers as well as capital from the main investors. The company has relevantly enjoyed long-term relationships with various suppliers from different parts of the world and are committed to ensuring a steady supply of both the products and services. With the rapid changes in the companys business factors, there has been a need to identify the most competing factor in the market most importantly to help improve efficiency by applying innovations in production and marketing activities (Gilmore et al, 2010). While addressing new changes in the regulatory necessities from the various sets of stakeholders, the company has adopted a group strategy important in helping to improve productivity and responsibility sharing during the process. Supply selection criteria through group strategy relations have been crucial as it has resulted in the achievements of leadership in the global m arket of tobacco industry thus enhancing supply chain management performance. Applying strategic management approach in supply line through criteria selection, the company is able to reduce the increasing level of complexity and enhance efficiency levels, quality products as well innovativeness among our suppliers. Through this, the company is able to commit to the suppliers on the basis of contract and rates of payments given with incentives. The companys business principles on efforts put in place to be the best are important to ensure that the strategic measures put in place are in line with the set organizational goals and rules. Supplier selection criteria advocated in British American Tobacco Company is important as it supports the firms main role of valuing the shareholder's ability by ensuring all the acquitted consumers preferences are achieved and in the best way possible to also ensure customers retention. Operations management in supply chain management is not only about the procurement activities but its also about how the company can increase the value of the products supplied. This is important as it ensures high products are given to the market and the selected suppliers can also be of help in identifying the companys strengths and weaknesses in the market (Peeters Gilmore, 2013). The suppliers should have values and principles that are in line with the companys requirements as they are expected to understand the main aim of promoting their products in the organization. As one of the global contributors in the tobacco industry, the company is bound to protect the interest of the shareholders and the suppliers who are aimed at ensuring that the best comes out of them. To be responsible, full of integrity, honesty, maintain equilibrium in the tobacco industry and also ensure the targeted consumers have their interest ant heart to be fulfilled. As observed above, supplier selection criteria in operations management help to develop a constituent relationship with the customers, suppliers and other shareholders in achieving the companys set goals and objectives over a period of time. The company should ensure that the level at which the suppliers are selected is in line with the trends developing in tobacco industry and market. Purchasing Cost Analysis Purchasing cost refers to the total cost incurred during the process of idea invention, the cost of buying products and services or other required assets important in ensuring that the idea in question has been relevantly developed and give the required results. Example, in the case of an idea of a business set up with a target market, the cost involved in setting up and developing the business is known as purchasing cost (Sigri Basar, 2015). Purchasing cost analysis is the process by which, the total cost incurred is outlined in relation to the initial cost of an invention to know how the business entity is growing. In our case, British American Tobacco Company 2015 report indicated that the main business strategies put in place have been relevant as it has continued to grow with time. The introduction of group strategy in the business context of the company has been of great impact as it has ensured massive growth and development of the company in all sectors. From customers acqui sition and intention to increased production of the tobacco products. As started in the 2015 report of the companys development, since the year 2011, a massive rate of growth has been observed as the company increases the number of shareholders globally resulting in increased rate of cigarette chain supply in the market. From 34% in 2011 of cigarettes selling globally to 45% in the year 2015 respectively. This is a great improvement in a season of approximately 4 years showing a positive purchasing cost index thus giving an inspiration to the companys future growth abilities starting with the years that follow respectively. This has been a positive move revealing that the ideas used in the purchasing of products and also the procedures put in place are relevant enough to enhance growth (International Business Publications, 2015). British American Tobacco Company as a global leading company in the tobacco sector has been crucial in ensuring the price measures put in place by the legal authorizes do not affect the customers but instead ensure they endors e the move or the aspect. Revenue constitution has also been a key effect in purchasing cost analysis, the amount of revenue incurred by the company annually illustrates the companys level of production important in also understanding the key needs of the people in relation to what they are given by the company. The rates of revenue exchange grew from 5.4% in the year 2015, and the price mix to 5.9% from 4.2 %. With the operating margin growing up to 160 bps, it was a very great achievement bearing in mind that the rates of foreign exchange were very unfavorable at the time. All these achievements by British American Tobacco Company management illustrated that the business strategies by the company are strong enough and most favorable for development. Purchasing cost analysis applied in British American Tobacco Company is favorable only in times when the company is doing well in the market, when the strategy put across tends to be favorable and with the ability to give positive results and when the suppliers follow the expected strategies. There are various purchasing tools that can be used at any given time to help analyze the rate of development or stagnation of the company maintains a high rate of confidentiality of the business information (In Leppan, In Lecours In Buckles, 2014). One of the main tools used is keeping a record of all the direct costs enhanced during service and product delivery as well as the process of production. Some of the direct cost are reduced by simply putting measures to promote the normal rate incurred of resources such as supplying equipments and staff care operations among many others. ICT for Purchasing Operations These are operations involving the use of information communication technology that has relevantly developed with time. In the contemporary society today, the rising trends in ICT have relevantly influenced massive growth and development of social institutions including the business sector, schools, health care system as well as the manufacturing sector among many others (Rahman, 2013). British American Tobacco Company has enhanced the use of ICT in operations management to enable development of the company , some of the ICT tools in a business include use of the telephone, mobile phones, routers, tablet computers or rather a computer in this case important in conveying and receiving messages to enhance communication, data collection, analyzing and storage. All these tools have a positive impact on the business important in operations management as follows; Helps in improving service delivery to the target consumers or rather the customers. In the contemporary society today, many business owners tend to improve their businesses by ensuring that, the needs of the customers and their expectations are relevantly identified by ensuring their main service givers are well versed with adequate skills of customer services (Saravanan Saravanan, 2010). Most of the skills and services are given by the use of the current ICT tools in the market. Example, communication means and also methods of data analyzing and storage. ICT implementation in the company helps to improve the rates of competition in the market. This is as a result of high production and good quality products. The rate of development increases making it easier for the company to fill in the market gaps relating to tobacco products. This keeps the customers on toes of ensuring that the company that takes care of their needs also helps help them grow should be made the best by ensuring they grow with it. British American Tobacco Company should ensure that the relevancy of the operations management sector is greatly enhanced by implementing more ICT tools in their daily production activities. Cigarettes and other tobacco products in the market have a high rate of consumption globally illustrating that the rate of production should relevantly match with the increasing rate of consumption (Great Britain., Vaz Stationery Office (Great Britain), 2014). This is important also to ensure growth and development of British American Tobacco Company as well as the international tobacco market and can only be enhanced by adopting more technical tools relevant in enhancing the market even into better heights. Examples of these tools include the adoption of mix marketing teams tools that is done online by use of the marketing software, use of technological production machines as well as the inspection tools that have been introduced in the market. Operations management is key for the business or a ny organizations development and with adoption and implementation of ICT tools, it gets even better. Conclusion Operations management is very important for a business, organization or companys development like in the case of British American Tobacco Company. Being a global tobacco company that has relevantly developed with time emerging as the most influential unit for the international market, operational management aspects have been key in enhancing development in that they ensure all the activities carried out are in line with the organizational set goals. Supplier selection criteria ensure that the right supplying agent is enhanced and understands the companys values and principles for development. Carrying out purchasing cost analysis helps the companys leadership analyze the rate of growth if any and a number of losses made if any at a specific period. ICT factor has been very important in improving the level of production in the manufacturing industry and should be highly enhanced by the relevant experts. All business developers should ensure that the rate at which change is influenced in a business also in the same way productivity and development is also influenced. References Holden, C., Lee, K. (2011). 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